Marketing Mix and the Brand Reputation of Nokia Free Essays

string(87) separation and expanding the equivalent towards a particular item classification is easier. Market Forces April 2008 Vol. 4 No. Showcasing MIX BRAND RESEARCH MARKETING MIX AND THE BRAND REPUTATION OF NOKIA SYED EHTESHAM ALI College of Management Sciences PAF-Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology E-mail: s_ehtesham_ali@hotmail. We will compose a custom article test on Showcasing Mix and the Brand Reputation of Nokia or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now com Abstract Pakistan’s cell phone advertise is becoming exceptionally quick. The most selling brand in the market is Nokia. A theory was built up that the notoriety of a brand is a wellspring of interest and the seriously unrivaled quality picture legitimizes an excellent cost. In this study we evaluated the purposes behind inclination of this brand dependent on built up boundaries of promoting blend (the 4 Ps). The target of this investigation was to gauge the degree of inclination of these boundaries. For this reason a survey was created and regulated to 240 respondents. The other theory that in any event one of the indicator factors would have a direct relationship with the needy variable brand notoriety was acknowledged. R? is 0. 53, which demonstrates that about 53% of the minor departure from the reliant variable is clarified by the indicator variable, which is fundamentally moderate. Among all the free factors the incline for the item quality and advancement (publicizing correspondence) were higher than the rest. Relapse coefficients for item quality and advancement (promoting correspondence) were 0. 95 and 0. 85 separately. This implies an expansion in one rating (on the size of five to one) of item quality and advancement (publicizing correspondence) would cause brand notoriety to increment by 0. 95 and 0. 85 rating separately. 1. 0. 0 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this examination was to quantify how components of promoting blend and their relationship influence the brand notoriety of Nokia cell phone. In spite of the fact that the showcasing blend idea, for example, item, value, spot and advancement are significant in breaking down the promoting technique, the extent of the examination was predominantly MARKET FORCES APRIL-2008 15 MARKETING MIX BRAND RESEARCH concentrated on one part of brand value I. e. brand notoriety, a definitive impression of the right mix of all showcasing blend. 1. 1. 0 LITERATURE SURVEY 1. 1. 0 Brand Branding has an old history. It could be followed back to the occasions when the antiquated Egypt block producers used to stepped images on the blocks for distinguishing proof and qualification purposes (Farghuhar 1990). Nilson (1998) then again found that antiquated ranchers used to put images on the steers with the assistance of hot iron, which implied consuming. The word brand has been gotten from the Scandinavian word â€Å"branna† that way to consume. In Swedish language the word â€Å"brand†, implies fire. In this way when a maker put a few imprints or images on their item it will come in the classification of marking (Nilson 1998). One of the benefits of solid brand name is that its aides in infiltrating in another market or another market classification. Globalization has made gigantic brand mindfulness and this mindfulness isn't reliant on the accessibility of the items. Czinkota Ronkainen 2001). For instance in Pakistan, brands, for example, for example, McDonald, Pizza Hut and KFC had solid mindfulness even before they opened their establishments in Pakistan. 1. 2. 0 Brand Equity Brand value is a connection among clients and brands bringing about a benefit to be acknowledged sometime not too far off (Wood 2000). Kotler and Armstrong (1996) were of the supposition that estimating brand value is a dreary activity. All things considered an incredible brand implies high brand value that helps in accomplishing ‘higher brand devotion, name mindfulness, saw quality, and solid brand associations’. A portion of the significant advantages of brand value are brand mindfulness and customer dedication which helps in diminishing promoting costs. Brand is a significant value; hence, it ought to be deliberately protected by embracing procedures that would help in keeping up or improving brand mindfulness, saw brand quality and positive affiliations. (Kotler Armstrong 1996) Ambler and Styles (1997) are of the supposition that brand value could be estimated from two points of view. One is â€Å"financial assessment approach† and the other is â€Å"consumer-based approach†. The money related assessment approach is identified with the fiscal estimation of the brand, and the customer put together methodology centers with respect to the brand itself that is how much worth the shoppers provide for the brand. Brand value is likewise considered as a collected benefit that could be acknowledged sometime not too far off. The brand value idea can likewise create turmoil, as a result of trouble in estimating it (Ambler Styles 1997). MARKET FORCES APRIL-2008 16 MARKETING MIX BRAND RESEARCH Importance of brand value requests requirement for increasingly reasonable experience and relative examination to pass judgment and approve the handiness of brand assessment strategies (Farquhar 1990). The ongoing merger and securing pattern has additionally expanded the significance of estimating brand value (Tauber 1988). The job of brands is currently a long ways past item separation or going after piece of the pie. They are amassed annuities which the firm can secure from its accounting report (Tauber 1998). Firms could have a solid serious edge over contenders in the event that they could make brand value ‘through building mindfulness, picture, and connecting associations’ (Keller 1998). A more grounded brand would consistently have a superior comprehension of requirements, needs, and inclinations of buyers than the brands that are not serious. Consequently more grounded brands would help in making viable advertising programs that could go past shopper desires. (Keller 1998). Brand value since most recent multi decade has stayed well known for pulling in new market fragments (Pitta Katsanis, 1995). This marvel of brand value has corresponded with the recently risen yet similarly well known wonder of brand augmentation (Ambler Styles 1997). Examination shows a two path connection between brand value and expansion. A brand’s value could impact the achievement of expansions, and augmentations could decidedly impact brand’s value. The outcome is that profoundly esteemed brand augmentations are progressively fruitful. Buyers will in general pick those brands that have solid brand value. This makes solid brand faithfulness, and would make it hard for the clients to change to the contenders. Brand position of a firm is emphatically reliant on the positive picture of brands. Solid brands are a significant wellspring of separation and broadening the equivalent towards a particular item classification is simpler. You read Showcasing Mix and the Brand Reputation of Nokia in classification Papers Successful brand permits firms to request significant expenses and are a wellspring of obstruction which makes it hard for buyers to change to different brands (Pitta Katsanis 1995. 1. 3. 0 BRAND REPUTATION: According to Aaker (1991, 1996) and Kapferer (1997) the two organizations and buyers are vigilant over the brand notoriety of what they sell or purchase. Each brand speaks to particular qualities, makes an unmistakable pr ofile in the brains of the clients in regard to a big motivator for it. For instance in refreshment industry Coca-cola represents â€Å"refreshing† and in vehicle industry Volvo brand is seen for â€Å"safety and comfort†. Likewise in the versatile business Sony Ericsson is ready as â€Å"music and entertainment† and so on. Globalization and trend setting innovation have made the market progressively serious, in this manner firms, presently, are more brand touchy. They have seen that the purchaser inclinations have become homogenous on account of globalization and the spread of innovation. In this way, both the dealers MARKET FORCES APRIL-2008 17 MARKETING MIX BRAND RESEARCH and purchasers are focusing on the brand notoriety regarding what they are purchasing and selling. A customer during his lifetime experiences a progression of regularly changing conditions and circumstances. Therefore his image inclination shifts with his evolving needs. The brand properties or highlights must fit to consumers’ need to keep up a progressing perpetual relationship with the brand. The buyers need to have a trust in their favored brands for kept contribution of the ideal advantages. As indicated by Browne (1998), if organizations neglect to guarantee a reliable, stable brand notoriety, the brand’s development and piece of the pie will be influenced. Along these lines a brand notoriety is the picture of predominant quality and included worth, which legitimize a top notch cost. A respectable brand is a solid resource, which profits by a serious extent of faithfulness and steadiness for future deals (Kapferer 1997). Extreme objectives of exceptionally rumored brands ought to be to fortify their picture. Low selling brands with low notoriety should concentrate on fitting their advertising blend and fixing the general picture issue (Baldinger Rubinson 1996). Firms managing versatile handset are additionally worried about the notoriety of their brands, and how this would influence their universal piece of the pie. Rivalry among the versatile organizations has constrained them to make a brand notoriety in customers’ minds. The cell phone industry is involved generally multinationals and has money related points of interest in their cost structure. This preferred position isn't accessible to their simply local partners (Kapferer, 1997). Brand notoriety in the cell phone industry is getting critical for consumers’ buying practices. Fleeting and Lee (2001) contend that ground-breaking brands are the ones that are based on notoriety and this won't change, yet would acquire significance later on. Up Shaw (1995), concurs and asserts that marking is the specialty of trust creation and in this manner it is basic for organizations to manufacture a respectable character so as to keep up

A Look at Instant Messaging essays

A Look at Instant Messaging papers Texting, or IM for short, is a method of conveying by means of composing on a PC, remote telephone, or other Internet machine or gadget. Utilizing something many refer to as nearness, which is the capacity to make the client aware of at whatever point someone on their private rundown is on the web, the client can make a private talk live with another individual and trade messages over the web or system. IM varies from a visit room by having the discussion between just two individuals, as opposed to a few people. Other than simply sending messages to different clients, most texting administrations likewise permit clients to make chatrooms and move documents, just as permitting webcams and spilling content, for example, stocks and news refreshes. Before 1996, correspondence was a moderate and purposeful procedure, considering one's decisions were restricted to phones, letters, and up close and personal contact. Indeed, even E-mail required a significant stretch of time to send and get answers and was unreasonably delayed for a few. Sending conversation online was starting to bloom in the mid-nineties with the presentation of online announcement and conversation sheets. Texting allows you to interface with a wide range of individuals. You can send messages to anybody on your rundown, and it additionally allows you to meet new individuals. (Tyson, J) Before the Internet got famous, many individuals were at that point online using announcement sheets and online administrations. A release board is practically identical to a solitary, confined Web website that you arrive at utilizing extraordinary interchanges programming and a modem. You make a passage in the product for the announcement board that contains the board's immediate telephone number and any uncommon boundaries for associating with the PC facilitating the release board. When associated with the board, you ordinarily utilize a progression of menus to explore through the board's substance. To arrive at another board, you need to disengage from the main block and dial to the next one. (Tyson, J pg 1). Online s... <!

The stock market of today’s society Essays

The securities exchange of today’s society Essays The securities exchange of today’s society Essay The securities exchange of today’s society Essay The securities exchange of today’s society has transformed into a quick paced digitalized arrangement of exchanges between a portion of the world’s wealthiest influence brokers.â In request to completely analyze the usefulness of the financial exchange and how the sum of the framework functions, an exhaustive assessment of how the securities exchange functions is significant having a general comprehension of speculation and stock determination. A stock is characterized by Charles Schwab, a main stock business firm, as â€Å"an instrument that connotes a proprietorship position (called value) in an organization, and speaks to a case on its relative offer in the partnerships resources and profits† (Charles Schwab, npg).â In fundamental terms, a stock is a case of possession on a corporation.â However numerous offers a specific individual has of an organization decides how much responsibility for in general organization this individual possesses.â If an individual hold fifty portions of an organization that has one thousand complete offers, the individual in question has five percent responsibility for whole company.â Just as stocks are cases to proprietorship, the securities exchange is the commercial center where investors can exchange, sell, and purchase each other’s responsibility for This commercial center works a lot of like any grocery store, where people will utilize cash or their own stocks to ex change for ones from others (Smith 103).â This commonly advantageous commercial center is the establishment of the stock framework. Stocks nonetheless, shift between a wide range of types.â Not all stocks can be bought by anybody at any given time.â The most significant characterization of stocks is â€Å"common stock† and â€Å"preferred stock†.â Most portions of stocks are called â€Å"common shares† in light of the fact that these are the offers that are generally accessible inside the stock market.â Common stock entitles the proprietor certain benefits and control over the organization since it speaks to incomplete responsibility for company.â This implies normal offers permit the proprietor the option to cast a ballot in numerous corporate issues, and they likewise get votes to choose the company’s leading body of directors.â They additionally get the capacity of â€Å"preemptive rights† which permits them to by stocks upon a split of the stock to keep up the corresponding responsibility for enterprise that they kept up before progressively stock was given (Sinc ere 120).â The principle favorable position of the regular stock is the force presented upon the proprietor of the stock.â But it has the downside that basic offers are the last offers that gets profits, and it likewise is the offers to get repaid if there should be an occurrence of an insolvency inside the organization. Favored stock conversely doesn't present close to as much democratic capacity to the proprietor of the stock yet offers considerably more security.â Preferred stocks are the first to get profits and the first to get installments in the event that there is a liquidation (Faerber 54).â Therefore they ensure the proprietor an okay speculation yet do not have the possession control estimation of normal shares.â Both of these two stocks have their individual disadvantages yet each additionally has their preferences. The administration and venture of stocks is a very unsafe business, where ordinarily stable speculations could transform into insolvency applicants in a matter of days.â The threat presented by stocks is that they are incredibly unstable to the effects of open opinion.â Therefore when settling on stock venture choices can commonly transform into a roulette wheel as opposed to sound investments.â A model is the disaster encompassing the breakdown of Enron in late 2001.â Enron, one of the country’s greatest vitality makers fallen and petitioned for financial protection in late 2001, and its stock plunged from blue chip an incentive to practically useless surprisingly fast (Fisher 151).â People who put intensely into Enron due to its security before long discovered that its budgetary blunderings had made their view of the organization change and that prompted the quick crash of Enron stock.â Enron is a superb case of how stocks can change from blue chip, strong specul ation stock, to worthless.â Therefore a hazard consistently exists when putting resources into stocks, even those that are seen to be blamelessly strong stocks. Another unsafe technique for stock venture includes putting resources into high hazard stocks.â When putting resources into organizations that are simply beginning its turn of events or doesn't have a recognizable item available, the chance of losing the put away cash is consistently present.â One model is the ascent and fall of Orion Enterprises.â This partnership rose over 300% throughout about fourteen days during 2004 as a result of the promotion encompassing its improvement of another medication that would influence the recuperation of patients after chemotherapy (Smith 21).â However, in the wake of its dismissal from FDA endorsement, the stock hence plunged to almost the zero dollar mark and caused the liquidation of the company (Smith 23).â The breakdown of Orion is a case of how stocks can be incredibly hazardous to buy and exchange due to the surprising variance of open observation. Notwithstanding, interest in stocks can likewise yield enormous rewards.â Stocks speak to proprietorship in partnerships, and when companies change from an incredibly little activity to a worldwide and multibillion dollar endeavor, and afterward the first speculators are the ones who advantage the most.â Given the case of Microsoft, which expanded its stock worth such a great amount from 1986 to 1998, that an underlying venture of ten thousand dollars in 1986 would have yielded an arrival of more than 6,000,000 dollars in 1998 (Siegel 15)?â This move in the rate at which stocks can become moment workers is another case of how ground-breaking the securities exchange is, and the prizes that one could remove from making shrewd investments.â Another case of a prize got from stock speculation is venture into high hazard markets.â Stocks particularly inside the innovation area are profoundly unpredictable, yet now and again they can return very high benefit in a short measure of time.â The progress of google.com from being a low yield stock to one of the most predictable and most solid stocks available today happened in under three years.â This fills in for instance of how savvy speculation choices could really return amazingly great overall revenues. Albeit high hazard stocks can make superb returns, generally safe stocks can likewise yield fantastic money related prizes given a legitimate measure of time.â Although the normal discernment that blue chip stocks are incredible workers have been engraved on current financial specialists, the truth is very different.â Some blue chip stocks, for example, Cisco, has seen a consistent increment on venture of 8% through the span of the previous six years.â Which implies that for a decently okay speculation, an investor may expect an agreeable yearly profit of 8% for their investment?â Another case of an okay and center ground speculation is in quality client support or eatery organizations, for example, McDonald’s, which has reliably been on the ascent since it opened available (Siegel 15).â Because these enterprises rely upon an a lot bigger market than other littler organizations, they present a consistent and predictable long haul investment.â Overall the upside of having generally safe stocks is that they are amazingly simple to distinguish and they present steady returns instead of unpredictable ones.â They are additionally long haul speculations and in this way require substantially less supervision.â However, it in particular makes significantly less benefit than high hazard stocks since it has just approached its top being developed and therefore does not have the capacity to extend rapidly in light of its relative present size. Thusly a wise stock speculator would have a portfolio that accomplishes a hazard unbiased way to deal with venture that has an equalization of both high hazard and generally safe stocks.â Such a portfolio exploits the steadiness conceded by blue chip stocks to subsidize the cash of increasingly hazardous endeavors that could either return extraordinary benefits or losses.â The net advantage of enhancement of the portfolio is that it takes into account the dispersal of hazard inside the stock portfolio.â Overall having such a reasonable stock proprietorship will allow the investor to have more control of his money related circumstance to maintain a strategic distance from incredible misfortunes in the securities exchange.

American Dream critique essays

American Dream study expositions The understood evaluate of the American Dream in Sea Oak. The idea of the American Dream is broadly utilized depicting the American Society when all is said in done. Once in a while we hear: He is the genuine encapsulation of the American Dream. Be that as it may, I'm not catching it's meaning? Is it true that he is well known? Is it accurate to say that he is effective? Has he much cash? The appropriate response is YES. He is prosperous and well off. Yet, how has he arrived at that? The appropriate response is he trusted in the American Dream. What is the American Dream, at that point? The American dream is the thought held by numerous individuals in the United States of America that through difficult work, mental fortitude and assurance one can accomplish success. These were values held by numerous early European pilgrims, and have been given to ensuing ages. The source of the American dream comes from the flight in government and financial matters from the models of the Old World. This permitted extraordinary opportunity, particularly the chance of emotional upward social versatility. Europeans came to America to get away from a low quality of life at home. They needed to grasp the guarantee of monetary security and established opportunity they had heard existed so broadly in the United States. That was the point at which some needy individuals going to another Land could accomplish riches. Approaching the twentieth century, significant industrialist characters turned into the new model of the American dream, many starting life in the humblest of conditions yet l ater controlling huge organizations and fortunes. Maybe generally eminent here were the incomparable American business people Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller. This procurement of incredible riches seemed to show that in the event that you had ability, insight, and an eagerness to buckle down, you were probably going to be an accomplishment in life thus. There are several such models, indeed. In any case, despite everything, is that so straightforward? Is that actually a formular that works? That is the issue. The American Dream is the piece of the American culture. It is the mama... <!

A Description of Life in the Treches During WWll essays

A Description of Life in the Treches During WWll expositions A Description of Life in the German Trenches during WWI During a time driven by innovation, the essence of war has changed so drastically that wars would now be able to be taken on computerized conflict fields from ships that volley rockets fit for pulverizing whole armed forces at separations estimated in many miles. It is long ways from life experienced by warriors in WWI whose lone insurance from the close by adversary lines only feet away were miles of cold and shallow channels that crisscrossed their way across Western Europe. Carl Zuckmayer, an author and WWI veteran, depicts his encounters in the channels on the Western front of the war and the impact it had on his life and political perspectives during post war a very long time in his collection of memoirs entitled, A Part of Myself. Conceived in 1896 and just seventeen at the episode of war in 1914, Zuckmayer was a skilled artist whose radical political perspectives affected his underlying dissatisfaction with the war. I will never murder anybody. I would prefer to go to jail (Zuckmayer 141) was his reaction when gotten some information about whether he would join the military. Be that as it may, after getting back from his late spring excursion, he was immediately cleared up in the devoted rapture of the German individuals were. He composes I recall absolutely what I was feeling...something was entering dislike a contamination, yet rather like some type of radiation, similar to a totally novel, shivering current, as though I had put my hand on the grasp of an electric machine (142). This restored feeling of national pride was filled by the mass conviction that a war with France and Russia would be a speedy and successful one. As with the remainder of the German individuals around then, he would comes to discover in the following years this is would not the situation. In any case, it started a sufficient fire inside him that in August of 1914, alongside his classmates, he excused his radical perspectives and enrolled in the German Army. He states... <!

How the Need to Belong Influences Human Behavior

How the Need to Belong Influences Human Behavior Theories Social Psychology Print How the Need to Belong Influences Human Behavior and Motivation People need personal connections to feel accepted and supported By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 06, 2019 Jade / Getty Images More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology The need to belong, also often referred to as belongingness, refers to a human emotional need to affiliate with and be accepted by members of a group. This may include the need to belong to a peer group at school, to be accepted by co-workers, to be part of an athletic team, and to be part of a church group. The need to belong involves more than simply being acquainted with other people. It is instead centered on gaining acceptance, attention, and support from members of the group as well as providing the same attention to other members. How the Need to Belong Influences Behavior In social psychology, the need to belong is an intrinsic motivation to affiliate with others and be socially accepted. This need plays a role in a number of social phenomena such as self-presentation and social comparison. The need to belong to a group also can lead to changes in behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes as people strive to conform to the standards and norms of the group. For example, people often present themselves in a particular way in order to belong to a specific social group. For example, a new member of the high school football team might adopt the dress and mannerisms of the other members of the team in order to fit in with the rest of the group. People will also spend a great deal of time comparing themselves to other members of the group in order to determine how well they fit in. This social comparison might lead an individual to adopt some of the same behaviors and attitudes of the most prominent members of the group in order to conform and gain greater acceptance. So what inspires people to seek out specific groups? In many cases, the need to belong to certain social groups results from sharing some point of commonality. For example, teens who share the same taste in clothing, music and other interests might seek each other out to form friendships. In other instances, factors such as shared goals, socioeconomic status, religious beliefs, political beliefs, and pop culture interests can lead individuals to seek out groups that share these interests. Why the Need to Belong Is an Important Motivator Our need to belong is what drives us to seek out stable, long-lasting relationships with other people. It also motivates us to participate in social activities such as clubs, sports teams, religious groups, and community organizations. By belonging to a group, we feel as if we are a part of something bigger and more important than ourselves. In Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs, belongingness is part of one of his major needs that motivate human behavior. The hierarchy is usually portrayed as a pyramid, with more basic needs at the base and more complex needs near the peak. The need for love and belonging lie at the center of the pyramid as part of the social needs. While Maslow suggested that these needs were less important than the physiological and safety needs, he believed that the need for belonging helped people to experience companionship and acceptance through family, friends, and other relationships.

Before It All Goes Wrong Thematic Analysis of Shooter - Literature Essay Samples

One boy. One gun. That was all it took for the tragic events of April twenty- second. Author Walter Dean Myers explains all of the details leading up to the shooting incident in the novel Shooter. The story is made from mostly interviews with teenagers Cameron and Carla. Their former friend, Leonard (Len) Gray, shot and killed student Brad Williams (Len’s school bully) and later himself. The dramatic story teaches readers that they should say something about their feelings they feel strongly about before it’s too late. From the start of the story, Cameron knew Len was different. When Cameron didn’t make the basketball tryouts, he hung his head down as he walked home. Len sensed how he felt, and walked home with him, teasing him all the way and making Cameron smile. â€Å"He kidded me a lot, but he had a way of almost putting you down but smiling as he did it† (16). Cameron wasn’t sure if Len was joking or not though when he asked him to vandalize a church. â€Å"I didn’t think it was going to matter much, so I went in with him†¦ I didn’t feel good about it, but I got through it† (27-28). This was one of the first encounters of Cameron not protesting against Len. He stayed mute, and as a result gave Len the wrong idea of how he felt. Len had a misunderstanding about Cameron’s opinions on the church vandalizing since Cameron was too scared to say anything.However, there are many more controversial events coming up in the story. When Len lead Cameron to a place he liked to spend time at, the shooting range, Cameron felt uncomfortable immediately. He didn’t feel too well holding a weapon that powerful in his hands, but still went with Len regularly. One day however, the men there thought it would be funny to shoot down a picture of Martin Luther King Jr. â€Å" I didn’t like it†¦ Maybe because I knew I was putting me being black on the sideline. Only I really couldn’t, you know (My father) said that’s how business was done. He said people test you to see if you can stay focused on business†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (24-25). This passage shows that society is very biased. You want to fit in with what everyone else is doing. Most people don’t have the courage to stand out, but if you do, (just like Martin Luther King Jr.) it can really make a difference in your or someone else’s life. The more quiet Cameron stayed, the more serious the events became. Len’s other friend , Carla, decided to go to the shooting range with Cameron and Len one day. Cameron and Carla had no idea what Len had set up for them, but Len seemed very excited. They shot down some suspicious bags Len had set up, and realized later that they killed living turtles. Carla immediately got into a rage and left. Cameron’s unsettled feelings about what Len found â€Å"fun† started to grow. Cameron had numerous thoughts running through his head, but again kept his own opinions. Little did he know what Len would do later on. Cameron knew that he didn’t feel too pleasant holding a gun in the first place, but killing lives? This was taken to a whole new level. If Cameron had said something right there at the shooting range, it could have taken Len’s life to a whole new direction. Cameron had a really big influence on Len, and just saying something about his thoughts could impact his life. The days passed by, and soon April twenty second came around the corner. Cameron had just walked into school early (at the request of Len), and noticed Len with a duffel bag. After some brief conversation, Cameron spots a gun and a lot of ammo. â€Å"That’s when I started panicking. I asked him what the rifle was for, and he said to hold off people until he had painted enough signs. I was still freaking out†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (135). Len even jokingly cocks the gun at Cameron, before handing him a gun too. Cameron, still dazed by everything happening, spots Carla in the school. Cameron finally realizes how serious this is becoming. He drags Carla to the side and tells her that she has to leave- NOW. Len spots them trying to escape and shoots at them. Cameron felt a surge of emotions coming in. Was it betrayal? Was it pittiness? Len had been one of his only friends for years now, and all this time Cameron had thought he understood Len. From all the unsettling feelings he’s fe lt in his heart, this was the absolute worst. Cameron realized what he should have done all these years now. From years of hiding, he pulls down the fire alarm. The police start coming, and it’s all going to end soon. Cameron has been hiding from his fears of speaking his opinions for years now. At his final chance to stand up against Len, he finally does what is right. Even though Cameron is still in deep trouble, he does do an act that will save lives by pulling down that alarm. Everyone has a moment where they don’t do what they know is right. They hide, just like Cameron did from Len. However, realizing and fixing your mistakes before it’s too late can change lives.