3 Common Latin Expressions

3 Common Latin Expressions 3 Common Latin Expressions 3 Common Latin Expressions By Maeve Maddox Not too many generations ago, any child privileged enough to attend school beyond the age of seven or so studied Latin. A vestige of what was once a universal educational practice can be found in the use of these three Latin terms used by English speakers: mea culpa in memoriam R.I.P. Ive seen mea culpa misspelled as mia culpa, and in memoriam misspelled as in memorium. As for R.I.P. seen in cartoon drawings of tombstones and on Halloween-related decorations, many speakers are unaware that the initials R.I.P. stand for a Latin phrase. mea culpa [mÄ Ã‰â„¢ koolpÉ™]:my fault. The expression is part of a prayer of repentance, but it is often used in a secular context to mean its my fault. I know a classics professor who likes to translate it as my bad! If you feel really guilty, you can say, Mea culpa, mea culpa, mea MAXima culpa! The misspelling mia probably results from saying /mee-uh/ instead of /may-uh/. The Latin word culpa, crime, fault, blame, is at the root of several English words: culpable, culpability, culprit, exculpate, and exculpatory. in memoriam: in memory of. Tennyson named his long poem to the memory of his friend Hallam In Memoriam. English words from Latin memor, mindful, remembering, include: memory, memorable, immemorable (not worth remembering), immemorial (ancient beyond memory), memorize, commemorate, and commemoration. R.I.P., the initial letters of the Latin phrase Requiescat in pace: may he/she rest in peace. As it happens, the English translation Rest in peace gives the same initial letters of the Latin original. Latin requies, rest, repose, gives us the word requiem, Capitalized, a Requiem is a Mass for the repose of the soul of the dead. A generalized sense of requiem is any formal tribute to a departed soul. English words that derive from the same Latin source as requiem are quiet, quiescent, quiescence, and inquiet. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different†Prepositions to Die With

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 1914

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 1914 The assassination of an Austrian Archduke was the trigger for World War I, yet things were so nearly different. His death set off a chain reaction, as  mutual defense alliances  mobilized a list of countries, including Russia, Serbia, France, Austria-Hungary, and Germany, to declare war.   An Unpopular Archduke and an Unpopular Day In 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to both the Habsburg throne and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was not a popular man, having married a woman who – while a Countess – was deemed far below his station, and their children had been barred from the succession. Nevertheless, he was the heir and had both interests in the state and state commitments, and in 1913 he was asked to visit newly annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina and inspect their troops. Franz Ferdinand accepted this engagement, as it meant his usually sidelined and insulted wife would officially be with him. Ceremonies were planned for June 28th, 1914 in Sarajevo, the couple’s wedding anniversary. Unfortunately, this was also the anniversary of the First Battle of Kosovo, the struggle in 1389 which Serbia had convinced itself saw Serbian independence crushed by their defeat to the Ottoman Empire. This was a problem, because many in the newly independent Serbia claimed Bosnia-Herzegovina for themselves, and fumed at Austria-Hungary’s recent annexation. Terrorism One man in particular who took particular umbrage at this event was Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb had devoted his life to protecting Serbia, no matter the consequences. Assassinations and other politically charged murders were not out of the question for Princip. Despite being more bookish than charismatic, he managed to enlist the support of a small group of friends, who he convinced to kill Franz Ferdinand and his wife on June 28th. It was to be a suicide mission, so they wouldn’t be around to see the result. Princip claimed to have originated the plot himself but he did not have trouble finding allies for the mission: friends to train. The most important group of allies was the Black Hand, a secret society in the Serb army, who provided Princep and his co-conspirators with pistols, bombs,  and poison. Despite the complexity of the operation, they managed to keep it under wraps.  There were rumors of a vague threat that reached all the way up to the Serbian Prime Minister, but they quickly dismissed.   The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand On Sunday June 28th, 1914, Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie traveled in a motorcade through Sarajevo; their car was open topped and there was little security. The would-be assassins positioned themselves at intervals along the route. Initially, one assassin threw a bomb, but it rolled off the convertible roof and exploded against the wheel of a passing car, causing only minor injuries. Another assassin couldn’t get the bomb out of his pocket because of the crowd’s density, a third felt too close to a policeman to try, a fourth had an attack of conscience over Sophie and a fifth ran off. Princip, away from this scene, thought he’d missed his chance. The royal couple continued with their day as normal, but after the display at the Town Hall Franz Ferdinand insisted he visit the mildly injured members of his party in the hospital. However, confusion led to the driver heading to their original destination: a museum. As the vehicles stopped in the road to decide which route to take, Princip found himself next to the car. He drew his pistol and shot the Archduke and his wife at point-blank range. He then tried to shoot himself, but the crowd stopped him. He then took poison, but it was old and simply caused him to vomit; the police then arrested him before he was lynched. Within half an hour, both targets were dead. The Aftermath No one in Austria-Hungary’s government was particularly upset by Franz Ferdinand’s death; indeed, they were more relieved he was not going to cause any more constitutional problems. Across the capitals of Europe, few other people were overly upset, except the Kaiser in Germany, who had tried to cultivate Franz Ferdinand as a friend and ally. As such, the assassination didn’t seem to be a major, world-changing event. But Austria-Hungary had been looking for an excuse to attack Serbia, and this provided them with the cause they needed. Their actions would soon trigger World War I, leading to years of bloody slaughter on a largely static Western Front, and repeated failures by the Austrian army on the Eastern and Italian Fronts. At the end of the war the Austro-Hungarian Empire had collapsed, and Serbia found itself the core of a new Kingdom of the ​Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.    Test your knowledge of the origins of WWI.

The importance of multicultural managemnt in hotel industry in sudan Essay - 2

The importance of multicultural managemnt in hotel industry in sudan to sustain a competitive advantage - Essay Example The study scrutinizes Staff' Perceptions of Hotel industry of Sudan. Consequences of dynamic analysis specify that hotel organization profession organization can be established by four proportions: fair encouragement, paying concentration to train, profession self-cognitive and information simplicity. Normally in words, the foreign-owned hotel has a benefit above the other types of hotels in the four dimensions. The organization profession management has extra constructive control on Staff behavior.The manager’s questionnaire gives much insight into the various managerial experiences, multicultural analysis, various attitudes and the diversification at the workplace. In the cafà © industry, as privileged, the managers are supposed to trigger the individual relational and combined uniqueness of the supporters to explicate the fundamentalInfluence process based on the change. It is frequently implicit that the effectiveness in the hotel industry is reliant principally on the em ployees. As the questionnaire is measured, Open-ended questions are cautiously worded to be as impartial as probable without generating uncomfortable circumstances or aberrant interviewees. Interview questionnaires for managers were pilot tested for checking for any vagueness or perplexity of questions.The research findings point out that in order to create multicultural change flourishing in the hotel industry, the managers were supposed to be attentive at all times to employee’s response to change.

Individual assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Individual assignment - Essay Example On such accords, the respective adoption of entrepreneurial behaviour may be associated to the increased desire of improving the economy via paths that are regarded fair for all. Entrepreneurial behaviour involves the development of novel solutions in the market with hope of capitalizing on the untapped consumer habits. Successful entrepreneurs are regarded to be able to deduce ideas that match the interests of their market in a rewarding and prolonged manner. The basis of an entrepreneurial behaviour remains on its ability to shape the considered consumerism towards the considered aspect of development and growth. Enticing growth of the economy is thus perceived to be an entity that comprises of differing elements of wealth generation. Arguably, entrepreneurship is listed among such trends and behaviours. The promotion of the various characteristics of entrepreneurship is perceived as an ideal path towards the address of the respective concerns of unemployment on any economy. Various authors have embarked onto various missions of presenting the respective role of entrepreneurship in any economy. Their publications have considered the plight of both developing and transitioning economies as the ideal candidates upon which their respective concern of entrepreneurship may be adopted. Additional concerns including the prospective role of such ventures in the shaping of these economies remains central in the description of their work. The perception of entrepreneurship being regarded as a tool of expression in respect to the development of an economy is regarded as the commencement point of the enterprise growth (Quereshil et.al, 200). The enterprise is described as the sole tool that promises immediate returns and ease in governance in the various states and nations. Such implication allows its elevation into a status that promotes economy improvement along the considered desires of growth and revenue generation (Glancey & McQuaid, 2000).

Hamlet Review Essay Example for Free

Hamlet Review Essay Primary Characters: * Hamlet- indecisive, isolates himself, plans his â€Å"antic disposition† * Claudius- murder of King Hamlet, Hamlet’s uncle and stepfather, guilty * Ophelia- Polonius’s daughter, Hamlet’s love, drowns Secondary Characters: * Horatio- Hamlet’s friend * Polonius- protective of Ophelia, believes Hamlet is affected by Ophelia’s love * Gertrude- Hamlet’s mother and the queen * Laertes- Polonius’s son and Ophelia’s brother, wants to kill Hamlet after Ophelia dies Point of view and other notable techniques: Most people believe that Hamlet was written in the 3rd person point of view. However, some literary critics argue that Shakespeare’s characters possess individuality too great to be bound under a fixed point of view. Like actual people, they act with intentions we cannot completely comprehend. This lack of fixed point of view allows the work to be up to interpretation, as it has been analyzed in a variety of ways. Shakespeare embodies various structural, literary, and stylistic techniques in his play. He often switches between the use of blank verse and prose when dealing with his different characters. He also uses iambic pentameter throughout the play. Examples of this can be most easily found in Hamlet’s â€Å"To be or not to be† monologue in Act III. Favorite stylistic techniques of Shakespeare include soliloquy, particularly those uttered by Hamlet throughout the play (the â€Å"To be or not to be†¦Ã¢â‚¬  soliloquy remains one of the most famous in English literature). He also uses various allusions to both biblical and mythological references throughout Hamlet, including a reference to the Garden of Eden in the Ghost of Hamlet’s father’s graphic description of his murder. Imagery is another favorite technique of Shakespeare, as he uses his words to paint images of violence, chaos, beauty, and darkness. The language of Shakespeare is in a class of its own, as the old English text he employs throughout the play reflect his own unique manner of writing. Major conflicts and resolutions: * Hamlet vs. His inner self- Hamlet struggles between action and inaction throughout the entire play. Is inability to act out what he feels and kill Claudius ultimately leads to his death. * Hamlet vs. Claudius, Polonius, Ophelia Laertes: Hamlet has many external conflicts with the other characters that stem from his internal conflict. The conflict between Claudius and Hamlet leads to both of their deaths. Hamlet kills Polonius out of a fit of insanity. Ophelia and Hamlet seem to have various problems, (as seen by the nunnery scene) and in the end Ophelia ends up going insane and drowning. After Ophelia dies, Laertes wants to seek revenge. He and Hamlet fence and because of a mix up of swords, he is poisoned by his own sword. Key Scenes: * A huge turning point in Hamlet is within rising action. The ghost tells hamlet to revenge his murder. Hamlet finds out that it is Claudius, but Hamlet does not kill Claudius because he is in prayer. * The climax of â€Å"Hamlet† is when Hamlet stabs Polonius through the curtain. (III:v). This is the climax because since he violently killed Polonius, Hamlets gets into conflicts with the king. * The resolution is when Hamlet returns from England, changed. Hamlet eventually has a fencing match with Laertes and then the royal family dies and so does Hamlet. (V.). Key Quotations: * â€Å"Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother’s death/ The memory be green†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.ii.1-25) * Claudius addresses his court explaining the death of the King and his marriage to Gertrude. * â€Å"This above all,—to thine own self be true; And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man† (I.iii.78-80) * Polonius speaks these words to Laertes as he gives him final counsel before leaving home. * â€Å"To be or not to be†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (III.i. 58-90) * In this famous soliloquy, Hamlet ponders life and death, suicide and the afterlife, as well as action and inaction. * â€Å"Not where he eats, but where he is eaten. A certain convocation of politic worms are een at him. Your worm is your only emperor for diet. We fat all creatures else to fat  us, and we fat ourselves for maggots. Your fat king and your lean beggar is but variable service—two dishes, but to one table. That’s the end.† (IV.iii.21) * Hamlet says this to the king. In this humorous scene, he speaks of Polonius’s death. Many think that the manner in which he speaks of the death in these lines prove his insanity. * â€Å"The rest is silence† (V.ii.356) * Hamlet’s last words spoken to Horatio before he dies Theme statements central questions: After losing a loved one unjustifiably, one may seek revenge and in doing so explore the limits of sanity. * Why does Hamlet delay in killing Claudius? * Was the ghost real or imagined? * When is murder justifiable? * Is suicide okay? * How much thought is too much thought and not enough action? Your reactions: * I found the soliloquy in Hamlet the most difficult sections of the play to comprehend, particularly due to the old English style in which they were written in. Shakespeare’s dated language and implementation of iambic pentameter often confused me, as did his various allusions and colloquialisms, among other literary devices throughout these extended monologues. I had to re-read the â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy until I was finally able to understand it. Shakespeare reveals of his character’s innermost demons and troubles through his soliloquy, bringing their emotional instability full circle. Realizing this made me strive even harder to understand every aspect of these speeches, every allusion and image and literary device was crucial, even though it appears to be insignificant in the scheme of things. The details truly matter in his works. * Personally, the â€Å"this above all† quote is one of my favorite quotes. Polonius may have been a fool for trying to teach Laertes this lesson at the last possible moment before his departure, but his words are wise ones. Through personal experience I have found truth behind the advice and hold it very close. I’ve discovered that if I remain true to myself and am honest with myself, it is virtually impossible to be false to others.  I’ll always remember these famous words. * One aspect of Hamlet that really stood out to me was the scenes of the ghost. I personally believe that the ghost telling Hamlet to remember him and revenge his father’s death, was actually within the imagination of Hamlet himself. There is no evidence in the play that suggests that the ghost is all in Hamlet’s mind, however, there is no evidence against it, thus making it an effective claim. Notable literary devices: * Shakespeare’s use of tone creates a unique and completely entertaining style of dialogue for the play. The tone uses imagery and diction to add meaning to the text and make the play sad, funny, dark, or even violent at times. * Shakespeare uses poetry in â€Å"Hamlet† and it is written in Iambic Pentameter. â€Å"Hamlet†, having been written in poetry, is portrayed beautifully and because of the meter, is executed properly. * The use of symbols is evident in â€Å"Hamlet†. The skull and the ghost are obvious symbols of death. However, other symbols can be analyzed like Ophelia and flowers, or Ophelia and innocence. Hamlet can be looked at as the â€Å"tragic hero†, and many characters have symbolism behind them. Good for the following prompts: This text would be best implemented in either an analysis or an argument prompt. For the analysis prompt, the student would be presented with a short excerpt from Hamlet and be required to discuss different techniques the author uses throughout the passage, connecting back to the overall meaning of the work as a whole. Any selection from Hamlet highlights Shakespeare’s use of iambic pentameter, as well as his mastery of imagery and allusions. An argument prompt requires the student to analyze a given position in said argument, and either defend, challenge, or qualify the position using their own knowledge of the work. Anything goes with this prompt, so a total understanding of the various interpretations of Hamlet is necessary to succeed. Students must develop their own interpretation of the work and pinpoint elements in the work that contribute to their understanding of it. Hamlet would be an excellent choice when faced with any prompt dealing with revenge, avenging the death of a loved one, insanity, or family values, a few of the central themes of Shakespeare’s work.

Ireland Essay -- essays research papers

Ireland   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ireland is a small island first settled in early 6000BC. It’s located to the west of Europe close to Great Britain. Through history Ireland has had many different influences and has been occupied by different types of people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the early years, the Celtic people known as Gaels settled Ireland. This was sometime between 600 and 150BC. Gaelic people had many small kingdoms that were separated yet they all shared the common language of Gaelic. The Brehons kept order throughout Ireland, these were men that kept peace and made sure common rules and laws were followed. This system of independent ruling worked longer in Ireland than in other parts of Europe because nobody tried to conquer Ireland therefore there was no outside influence. During the Medieval time period in Ireland came the development of Celtic Christianity, they introduced St. Patrick into their religion. The Tuath(150 small kingdoms in Ireland) still remained and continued to function without European influence. The dark ages of Europe were the golden ages of Ireland. During this time period Ireland sent St. Columba and St. Columban into Europe, many manuscripts and books were written and religious arts and artistic achieve ments took place. In 1014the Irish Tuath formed an alliance against the invading Vikings and won. Brian Boru who was a king of one of the Tuatha kingdoms led the alliance. In 1171 England began its conquest to establish a co...

How Does the Phonology of a One Year Old Differ

How does the phonology of a one year old differ from that of a two-three year old? Describe the main changes to be expected over the first year of word use. A child between one and three years undergoes considerable development in their phonological ability (Ingram, 1986). They adopt specific phonological processes and it will be explored when and how children use these to attain accurate pronunciations and how individual differences affect phonological development. Grunwell (1981) suggests that the first six months of productive language development (0. 9-1. years) is word-based, because of the limited phonetic variants and progressive changes in pronunciation. However, he suggests 1. 6-2. 0 years is the end of the first stage of speech development, which is co-occurrent with the achievement of an active vocabulary of 50 words. Menn & Vihman (2011) suggest that these early words parallel babbling, in that they are characterised by unmarked elements and structures, such as plosives, nasals and glides; simple vowels and CV structures. This stage of development in a child’s inventory may be characterised as a ‘proto-system’, as the child-forms do not resemble adult words (Grunwell, 1981).However, the child’s early phonetic inventory (table 1) suggests that the child has a basic contrastive system and indicates that their phonological system has commenced, which will see an increase in new words and the emergence of two-word utterances (Grunwell, 1981). m| n| p b| t d| w| | Table 1: A phonetic inventory of a child 1. 6-2. 0 years (Grunwell, 1981). Grunwell (1981) presents a ‘chronology of phonological processes’ (p175) which reflects a child’s phonological development in terms of the disappearance of simplifying processes between 2. 0-4. years. These processes are summarised in table 2 and show that reduplication and consonant harmony are the only structural simplification processes outgrown by age two, which agree wi th the findings of Vihman & Greenlee (1987). Structural simplification is generally typical of the earlier stage of phonological development (Vihman, 2004). However, phonological processes; final consonant deletion, cluster reduction, fronting, gliding and stopping are regularly used by children until nearly age three, with less consistent use thereafter (Vihman et al, 1986).Vihman (2004) states that half of her three-year-old subjects used gliding and palatal fronting, but the substitution of inter-dental fricatives were regularly used by all subjects and are associated with the highest frequency of errors. Table 2 suggests that velar fronting in particular is the first systemic simplification to be outgrown, at 2. 6 years. Despite this, it shows that obstruents do not occur in a child’s inventory until age three, and that these must be mastered before obstruent and liquid clusters can be produced correctly (Vihman, 2004).Vihman & Greenlee (1987) show that the specific phone tic tendencies found at age one seem to be unrelated to the phonological errors at age three and suggest that phonetic preferences change over time. Vihman (2004) suggests that children with an exploratory approach to phonological development explore a wide range of sounds at age one and were more likely to delete consonants at age three, whereas children with a systematic approach constrain their word selection patterns at age one and are less likely to use whole-word processes at age three (Vihman, 2004).However, Vihman & Greenlee (1987) show that 73% of children’s utterances at age three were judged intelligible, which correlates with lower phonological error scores. In conclusion, individual differences are a significant in ones phonological system and problematic in generalising ‘normal’ developments. However, a three year old child will have overall relative phonological advance (Vihman & Greenlee, 1987) and the majority of simplifying phonological processe s used at age one will no longer apply regularly (Vihman, 2004). References Grunwell, P. 1981) The development of Phonology: A Desciptive Profile. First Language. 2: 161-191 Ingram, D (1986) Ch10: Phonological Development: Production. In Fletcher, P & Garman, M. Language acquisition pp223-239 CUP: UK 2nd Edition Menn, L. & Vihman, M. M. (2011) Part V: Features in Phonological development: Features in Child Phonology: Inherent, Emergent, or Artefacts of Analysis? In Clements, N. G & Ridouane, R (Ed) Where do Phonological Features Come From? Cognitive, Physical and developmental bases of distinctive speech categories. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p259-303 Vihman, M. M (2004) Ch3: Later Phonological Development. In Bernthal, J. E & Bankson, N. W, Articulation and Phonological Disorders, pp105-138. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. 5th Edition. Vihman, M. M. , Ferguson, A. & Elbert, M (1986) Phonological development from babbling to speech: common tendencies and individual diff erences. Applied Pyscholinguistics, 7: 3-40 Vihman, M. M. & Greenlee, M. (1987) Individual Differences in Phonological Development: Ages one and three years Journal of speech and hearing research. 30: 503-521

Genting

1. 0 Introduction I choose Genting Berhad as the organization for the Strategic Management report. I worked in Awana Genting Highlands almost one year before I worked in government sector. Awana Genting Highlands is one of the six hotels under the Genting Berhad. Genting Berhad is a management company and investment holding of Genting Group. It was founded by the late Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong in 1965 when he want to make a 20 km access road across mountainous which was located about 2000-metres above level sea. Tan Sri Lim Kok Thay is now the Chairman and Chief Executive of Genting Berhad.Genting Berhad is a Malaysian company with interests in a variety of fields. The group comprises of more than 15,000 employees, 11,000 acres of resort land and 156,000 acres of choice plantation land throughout Malaysia. The company is principally an investment holding and management company with seven major business divisions, such as leisure & hospitality, plantations, property, power, paper, and oil & gas. The leisure & hospitality division is represented by numerous holiday brand names. This division operates in a variety of areas, and includes the operation of over 30 food and beverage outlets.They are variety of accommodation where there have six hotels, theme park and attraction, international shows, gaming experience, leisure cruising and meetings and conventions. Their vision is ‘to be leading leisure, hospitality and entertainment corporation in the world', (Annual Report 2008). Oil palm cultivation is the main activity of the Plantation Division. The division is made up of 41,000 hectares of plantation land. The Genting Groups involvement in the property development sector enables it to realize its strategy of holding land-based assets for long-term capital appreciation and development potential.In 1971, the shares of Genting Berhad were listed on the main board of Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). In November 2007, Genting Berhad became one of the biggest liste d companies in Malaysia with a market capitalization of RM29. 2 billion (US$8. 74 billion). 2. 0 Group Corporate Structure The Board has their own responsibilities for the proper conduct in the business. The Board meeting is usually on a quarterly basis. They have formal schedule specifically reserved for its decisions like annual operating plan, major capital projects, overall strategic direction, inancial performance and monitoring of the Group's operating. Formal Board Committees established by the Board with the Code namely the Audit Committee, Nomination Committee, Remuneration Committee that assist the Board in the discharge of its duties. In addition, The Board is responsible for the Group's system of internal control and risk management. This is important to review their integrity and adequacy. Moreover, it is for the purposes of safeguarding the Group's assets and shareholder's investment.According to Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), ‘leadership is distributed in the organ ization that supports the flow of knowledge from the middle to the top and down to the rest of the organization'. The Group also put in place a risk management process in order to help the Board recognizing and evaluating the managing risks. The Audit Committee has appropriate relationships with the external auditor. External auditors attended all Audit Committee meetings in order to audit their plan or report and comments on the audited financial statements. The Committee were responsible approved the internal audit for the Group and the company.They also need to authorize resources to identify any risks areas. They also need reviewed the internal and external plan for the Group and the company with the external editors. The Board reviewed the performance of the Committee every three years to determine whether they have carried out their duties. In terms of meeting, the Committees meet at least four times a year. The Secretary of the Committee prepared and sent all minutes of each meeting to the Committee members. Read more: http://www. ukessays. com/essays/business-strategy/strategic-management-report. php#ixzz2R4aHL6sb

First in Asia and the World essay

First in Asia and the World essay First in Asia and the World essay First in Asia and the World essayDHL International is one of the leading international express carriers. The company discovered the market segment of combined express services for land and sea in 1969. Eventually, DHL focused on international express delivery. Currently DHL employs more than 300,000 people and targets more than 220 countries with 120,000 destinations. The major market of DHL is Asia, but the company is pursuing a strategy of international expansion. DHL uses local staffing and builds relationships with its customers, customs agents and other stakeholders.The evolution of the market segment led to the creation of competitors in international express delivery. The competitors have advantages in size, pricing and flexibility. Despite DHL reputation and customer loyalty, the company had the worst service provided for the highest price in the past. DHL started improving the quality of its service, reducing prices and growing through acquisitions. In the U.S., DHL acquired Airborne Express with the intention to combine domestic service with existing international offers.Case AnalysisQuestion 1. First mover advantageThere are several advantages of a first mover: the use of positive feedback loops and the ability to lock consumers into the technology, increased brand loyalty, quick increase of sales volume, creation of switching costs for customers and entry barriers for competitors, accumulation of valuable business knowledge (Kozami, 2002). A manufacturing company benefits more from the first mover advantage since it can lock the customers into the technology (which is rarely possible for services) and create switching costs for customers and entry barriers for competitors. The other advantages of first mover apply both to service and manufacturing companies. In general, manufacturing companies benefit more from being first movers, but also experience great risk of losses if their new product fails.Question 2. Global expansion and company focusServic e companies need to develop brand loyalty and to build relationships with customers to a greater extent compared to manufacturing companies. The focus of manufacturing companies is on reducing price, while the focus of service companies is fulfilling the needs of customers in the best way. The obstacles to global expansion of service companies might be the scalability of service and the ability to customize the service to customer needs in different countries.Question 3. DHL staffing International staffing is efficient for DHL since it allows to tailor the service to the local needs and to build more resilient relationships with customers. In the case of international staffing, staff are multilingual and it is easier to work with customers from different destinations. Due to international staffing, DHL also has a larger pool of workforce to select from. However, there exist also cons of international staffing: language barriers, costs of relocation, cultural differences and teambuil ding challenges.Question 4. Faltering in the United States DHL strategy was good for a new market segment, but was not efficient for the competitive market in the United States. The lack of cost optimization and efficiency, excess advertising and the issues of merging two different businesses after the acquisition of Airborne Express were the key causes why DHL was faltering in the U.S (Hill, Jones Shilling, 2014). Furthermore, the U.S. labor market is different compared to Asia: workforce is more expensive and the employees are more fastidious. Other dangers of the first mover position include additional costs for developing a new market, higher risks of failure, the risks associated with technological change, the possibility that customers will switch to competitors and the possibility that the competitors will copy or even improve the first movers business model (Singla, 2008).Conclusions and RecommendationsDHL managed to use first mover advantages to grow the new market segment international express delivery. The company, however, missed the entry of competitors and had to face intensive competition. Furthermore, DHL set high prices and offered poor quality services compared to its competitors. In terms of ethical responsibility, DHL generally demonstrated reasonable approach since it tailored the services to local needs and customized the offers to customer requests. At the same time, there were numerous labor scandals associated with DHL staffing practices and freedom of workers to organize into unions in DHL (Hill, Jones Shilling, 2014). DHL needs to reconsider its policies and to incorporate ethical values and ethical decision-making. The company should focus on improving its staffing practices and optimizing its costs and services. In particular, in the United States DHL should focus on integrating its core advantage international express delivery with local services.

Definition and Examples of Accessibility in Geography

Definition and Examples of Accessibility in Geography Accessibility is defined as the ability to reach a place with respect to another place. In this context, accessibility refers to the ease of reaching destinations. People who are in locations that are more accessible will be able to reach activities and destinations faster than those in inaccessible locations. The latter will be unable to reach the same amount of locations in a certain period of time. Accessibility determines equal access and opportunity. The public transport accessibility level (PTAL) in the United Kingdom, for example, is a method of transport planning that determines the access level of geographical locations in regards to public transportation. Mobility and Accessibility Mobility is the ability to move or be moved freely and easily. Mobility can be thought of in terms of being able to move throughout various levels in society or employment, for example. While mobility focuses on moving people and goods to and from various locations, accessibility is an approach or entrance that is either obtainable or attained. Both forms of transportation modes rely on each other in some way, depending on the scenario, but remain separate entities. A great example of improving accessibility, rather than mobility, is in the case of a rural transport scenario where water supply is needed at houses far away from the source. Rather than forcing women to travel long distances to gather water (mobility), bringing services to or closer to them is a more efficient effort (accessibility).  Distinguishing between the two is critical in creating a sustainable transportation policy, for instance. This type of policy may include a sustainable transportation system which is also referred to as Green Transport and considers, social, environmental, and climate impacts. Transportation Accessibility and Geography Accessibility in regards to geography is an important element in mobility for people, freight, or information. Mobility is determined by people and affects infrastructure, transport policies, and regional development.  Transportation systems that offer better opportunities of accessibility are considered well-developed and efficient and have a cause and effect relationship to various social and economic options. Capacity and arrangement of various transportation options largely determine accessibility, and locations range in terms of equality due to their level of accessibility. The two main components of accessibility in transportation and geography are location and distance. Spatial Analysis: Measuring Location and Distance Spatial analysis is a geographical examination that looks to understand patterns in human behavior and its spatial articulation in mathematical  and geometry (known as locational analysis.) Resources in spatial analysis typically surround the development of networks and urban systems, landscapes, and geo-computation,  a new field of research to understand spatial data analysis. In measuring transportation, the ultimate goal is typically around access, so that people can freely reach their desired goods, services, and activities. Decisions around transportations typically include tradeoffs with different types of access, and how it is measured affects larger impacts.  To measure transportation system data, there are three approaches some policymakers use, including traffic-based measurements, mobility-based ones, and accessibility-based data.  These methods range  from tracking vehicle trips and traffic speed to traffic time and general travel costs. Sources: 1. Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, The Geography of Transport Systems, Fourth Edition (2017), New York: Routledge, 440 pages.2. Geographic Information Systems/Science: Spatial Analysis Modelling, Dartmouth College Library Research Guides.3.  Todd Litman. Measuring Transportation: Traffic, Mobility, and Accessibility. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.4.  Paul Barter. The SUSTRAN mailing list.

Quiz 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Quiz 3 - Essay Example This usually causes challenges for example when the executive does not have majority in the legislature it means that the executives will need a compromise between the executives and the opposing party. A presidential signing statement is a written declaration by the president of United States when signing of bill is signed to be a law. The reason behind this is to point out the best and worst aspects of the bill so as to fit to the administration. The second reason is political purpose; this is to clarify the ambiguous point of the bill. Lastly, is constitution where the president announces the views of the bill on the constitutional aspects. The notion of collective leadership is not compatible with the United States this is because competencies must apply to all the leaders in the government or in organizations. This means performance and accountability is the key issue to be dealt with in all aspects. Legislative veto is two forms of government, monarchies and separation of powers where the congress has the power to take action on the president of other executive officers (Hall, 56). For example French monarch’s veto national assembly when there was French