Ethnography, The Recording And Analysis Of A Culture Or...

Introduction: According to Simon Coleman and Bob Simpson, â€Å"Ethnography is the recording and analysis of a culture or society, usually based on participant-observation and resulting in a written account of a people, place or institution†. Ethnographies are in-depth studies of a culture which is unfamiliar from one’s own. One of the best places to observe and perceive human behavior is a coffee house. A coffee shop will involve multiple cultures and various behavior patterns to study. Richie’s Place Coffee Shop is located in Jamaica, Queens, right next to the 169Street subway. The location of the shop makes it very efficient and time saving for people. People just get off of the train and grab a coffee and go to their destination or they†¦show more content†¦Most people with family came and they stayed while other people like students came and left with their drinks. People who leaves with their beverages usually jumps into the line, grab what they wa nt and leave. People who stays back, they would come look around maybe looking to see where they can sit and then went to the line to order. There are others who come and have a sit while waiting for their friend or family and once they arrive they would go and order. Those who are in rush would take case or card beforehand so that they wouldn’t have to wait. While standing in the line, most of the people would text, call or listen to music without having any interaction with others. People neither see or hear what’s going on around them. Most adults came and ordered coffee either with very little milk and sugar or no milk and sugar. One women came in wearing a scrub and ordered a coffee without sugar or milk and the worker generally asked her if she always drinks black coffee and she answered not always, but when she is working because coffee gives her strength and energy in a long day. On the other hand, students would come and order sandwich and a coffee or grab a s oda with sandwich. Also, a woman came in with two kids and ordered coffee for her and sandwich with soda for her kids. A man came in wearing suit and he had a bag withShow MoreRelatedEthno669 Words   |  3 Pagespages double spaced An ethnography is a long term investigation of a group (often a culture) that is based on immersion in and, optimally, participation in that group. Ethnography provides a detailed exploration of group activity and may include the collection of historical information and in-person interviews of members of the group. It is an approach which employs multiple methodologies to arrive at a theoretically comprehensive understanding of a group or culture. Ethnography attempts to explainRead MoreSocio Cultural Aspects Of Therapeutic Relations1522 Words   |  7 Pagesmethods related to this research. Research Methodology: Ethnography This study selected ethnographically guided research methodology (Reeves et al 2008). Ethnography was developed by anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries for the study of small-scale, traditional, isolated societies, although it is now widely used by practitioners of many disciplines in all kinds of research settings (Angrosino 2007). Ethnography is a plan of action or strategy of investigation in whichRead MoreThe Presentation Of The Self By Irving Goffman1167 Words   |  5 Pagesextended metaphor to explain how people perform a variety of social roles, like actors in a play, and that society is made up of groups of players working together to up hold various social realities and functional institutions such as work, school, home, medical, legal or leisure. The two key components of this theory are ‘front and back’ and ‘impression management’, which enable analysis of how identity is presented and understood through symbols, and the differing ways people behave when theyRead MoreAnalysis : The Game Room 1509 Words   |  7 PagesBourgois’ ethnography delved deep into the everyday lives of a pocket of society situated in El Barrio (also commonly referred to as East Harlem). Through permanently situating himself and his family within the illicit underground culture, he developed a string of firm friendships with drug dealers, crack addicts, and individuals emotionally defeated through the corrupt employment chain of New York. Bourgois adopted a relatively humanistic anthropological approach to gathering fieldwork, being grantedRead MoreCritical Annotation of Watson Reading and Commentary Reading1765 Words   |  7 Pagespublished ethnographic account and how a competent anthropologist should become during identification, description as well as analysis of emotions (Watson, 1999). In essence, the first argument is hinged on whether there are chances of allowing their partisanship to influence wh atever they see including how their interpretation of it all. Therefore, people in the society should give up all the pretence that all their account is objective and consider putting the point straight regarding own involvementRead MoreWhy I Ukrainian Art As A Multicultural Society821 Words   |  4 Pagesin total 411 Ukrainian items. For her data analysis she used model developed by (35) LeCompte and Schensul, who voted for categorizing objects according to three levels: item, pattern and structural levels. She categorized art objects according to their types, geographical origin, functions, means of acquisition, and meanings. In the result of her study Anna received big amount of quantitative data that she placed in tables in accordance with her analysis criteria. Her findings are based on empiricalRead MoreA Research Study On A Participant Observation Duncan ( 2004 )1327 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiences to produce a range of thorough ethnographies or self-narratives regarding various sporting and physical activities (Sparkes 2000). Wacquant (2004) described sport as an embodied practice and in relation to this idea, McNamee (2005), theorised that traditionally ethnographers sought to acknowledge reflexivity and subject to analyze their own experiences of the social worlds they were studying. Emphasis on embodiment is an acknowledgement that ethnography is extremely personal (experience, diariesRead MoreAnthropology : The Anthropology Of Sports1496 Words   |  6 Pagesframework within which one may address specialised problems like gender and sports, sports and ritual, and violence in human society among others (Blanchard 1995:23). The anthropology of sports is primarily a behavioral science thus closely related to cultural anthropology (Blanchard 1995:23) and tied to the knowledge that sports is an institution and a component of culture (Coakley and Dunning 2000:151). The anthropological study of sports can add to the existing sociological and historical knowledgeRead MoreCultural Study Of Anthropology Of Sports1493 Words   |  6 Pagesframework within which one may address specialised problems like gender and sports, sports and ritual, and violence in human society among others (Blanchard 1995:23). The anthropology of sports is primarily a behavioral science thus closely related to cultural anthropology (Blanchard 1995:23) and tied to the knowledge that sports is an institution and a component of culture (Coakley and Dunning 2000:151). The anthropological study of sports can add to the existing sociological and historical knowledgeRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Homo2311 Words   |  10 Pagesof Homo heidelb ergensis, though other designations such as Archaic Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens rhodesiensis have been proposed. Several cultural assemblages have been linked to the Neanderthals in Europe. The earliest, the Mousterian stone tool culture, dates to about 300,000 years ago. Late Mousterian artifacts were found in Gorham s Cave on the south-facing coast of Gibralta. Homo sapiens have many characteristics of our homo ancestors. With that being said there are also many differences. Our

Small Firm Growth Is The Only Measure Of An Entrepreneur

Small firm growth is the only measure of an entrepreneur’s success Entrepreneurship is the process of starting a business; typically the company offers an innovative product, process or service. As per Carton et al, entrepreneurship is all about the identification of an opportunity, creation of new organization, and pursuing new ventures. There are many various studies based on entrepreneurship (directly as well as indirectly) like building and promoting a business, applying creativity to make an existing business more productive, external skills required in entrepreneurs, etc. In 1934, Schumpeter has stated that an entrepreneur not only needs to innovative and creative but also should be able to take risk. His views where then supported by Wickham in 2006. The responsibilities of an entrepreneur include developing a business plan, acquiring the required resources – financial, physical, human, technological, etc and putting them to work efficiently and also taking ownership of the success or failure of the enterprise made during this time. Th e entrepreneurs are individuals who can explore the environment, discover the opportunities, and exploit them after proper evaluation. There are studies pursued by others which differentiate between entrepreneurs and small business owners. Though these terms have been used interchangeably very often, but these studies have concluded upon noticeable differences amongst these two terms. An entrepreneur is known to have aggressively focusesShow MoreRelatedOverview Of Schumpeter Denoted Entrepreneur As An Essential Element For The Economic Growth And Entrepreneurial Process1339 Words   |  6 PagesSchumpeter denoted entrepreneur as a key in the economic growth and entrepreneurial process as a prime element in the progress and advancement of economy. Again he stated that entrepreneurship is an essential element for the development of any economy and economic and political framework condition would not affect the growth. The benefits due to entrepreneurship to community will be greater in those economies where entrepreneurs have flexibility to operate, to expand their ideas, and to obliterateRead MoreEntrepreneurship in Australia Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pagesan astonishing speed in present-day society. Business, which is divided into large, medium and small business, has become a primary symbol of the development of market economy. Entrepreneurship is defined as the process, brought about by individuals, of identifying new opportunities and converting them into marketable products or services(Schaper and Volery 2007, 4), and it is often related to small business. This essay will argue that the level of entrepreneurship in Australia is higher, comparedRead MoreEntrepreneurial Behavior and Perspective1553 Words   |  7 Pageswhat the different measures actually measure for entrepreneurship. In the economic literature, Cantillon defines the entrepreneur as responsible for all exchange and circulati on in the economy. He explains that the entrepreneur earns an uncertain profit from the difference between a known buying price and an uncertain selling price, and that the entrepreneur equilibrates supply and demand in the economy, bearing risk and uncertainty. Jean-Baptiste Say defines the entrepreneur as the main agent ofRead MoreDiscuss the Aphorism Small Firm Growth Being the Only Measure of an Entrepreneur’s Success.3353 Words   |  14 PagesINTRODUCTION Business growth is a good goal for most firms in general and is given great weight by the society. This could be seen with the list conjured up by the media, such as ‘Forbes Fast-Growing Companies’ and ‘Inc Fastest Growing Companies’ lists (Hupato 2011). The reason small firm growth has been prioritised by policy makers and the society is mainly due to its contribution to the economy (Bridge, O’Neill amp; Martin 2009). Small firm and entrepreneurship have so often been linked togetherRead MoreRole Of Government As An Entrepreneurial Environment1528 Words   |  7 Pagesenabling existing firms to grow by developing new products and services in new markets through appropriate tax policies, supportive physical infrastructure, provision for training and information, promoting incubation facilities, research and development facilities and entrepreneurship education are just some of the means by which governments can encourage entrepreneurship in a country and its regions (Mitra, 2012, p.223). The role of the government is to encouragement to entrepreneurs, entrepreneurialRead MoreEntrepreneurship1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthat identify in a entrepreneur joint exhaustive that it only belong in one business to other business but in the other has mutually exhaustive nothing will belong to simulate for both business. The second fundamental an entrepreneurship is a quality or property firm that defined it self. Based on my researching of the theory was given the example for further explain and understand my perception on entrepreneurship like for example the an Entrepreneurial firms are thought of as small (Aldrich AustenRead MoreChallenges of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya1728 Words   |  7 PagesSMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES SME stands for small and medium-sized enterprises – as defined in EU law: The main factors determining whether a company is an SME are: 1. Number of employees, and 2. Either turnover or balance sheet total | |Employees |Turnover |or |Balance sheet total | |Company  category | | | | | |Medium-sized | 250 Read MoreTheories of Growth of Small Scale Enterprises3310 Words   |  14 PagesTheories of Growth of Small Enterprises Various theoretical models have been developed which describe the growth of small businesses. One class of theoretical models focus on the learning process, either active or passive, and the other models refer to the stochastic and deterministic approaches. In the passive learning model (Jovanic 1982 cited in Liedholm 2001), a firm enters a market without knowing its own potential growth. Only after entry does the firm start to learn about the distributionRead MoreHow Successful A Business Or An Entrepreneurial Decision2455 Words   |  10 Pagesselling their goods/services with a profitable margin. For instance, Reid and Smith (2000) conducted a research with 150 new small sized companies and tried to cluster them into high, medium and low performing organizations according to certain characteristics of the company. Reid and Smith (2000) found that three indicators; profitability, productivity and employee growth are indicators that distinguish highly performing indicators from their counterparts. Profitability is indicative of how wellRead MoreVirgin Atlantic, A United States Based Low Cost Airline876 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States airline with only the legal maximum of 25% owned by the international Virgin Group firm. Virgin G roup also licenses the Virgin brand to Virgin America. Virgin America is under no obligation to cooperate in any means, though it does, with other Virgin Group companies. Representing approximately 1.2% of the market, Virgin America is a small player in the massive U.S. airline industry. With a fleet size of 53, Virgin America poses little threat in numbers to firms like American Airlines,

Social Responsibility Indicator System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Social Responsibility Indicator System. Answer: Introduction: The level of the human and the material injury and loss from a certain industrial process is referred to as tolerable by a society and the authorities when it is viewed from a social, political and economic cost benefit analysis. The risk is accepted in a given context that is based on the current values of the society. The individuals prefer to deal in the terms of the acceptable risk, which is defined as the risk that is tolerated based on the worth in the society (Zhou, Goh Li, 2015). The two reasons for the increasing fatality trend in the construction industry despite the mandatory audit scheme and surveillance are: Firstly, fewer inspections are being performed at the construction sites. This is the primary concern that is the reason behind the rising numbers of the construction site accidents. Secondly, the builder at times cut corners on the expenses in the name of profitability. The lack of the proper safety protocols could lead to the increase in the construction injury cases (McNeil, Frey Embrechts, 2015). The accidents at the construction sites may also take place due to the electrical failures, mechanical defects, insufficient training and the lack and failure of the safety equipment. There should be proper use of tools and equipments that causes the fall accidents in the construction sites. The workers need to use the equipments suitable for the works that they are carrying out. There should be adequate housekeeping at the construction site. The risk is due to the poor site conditions at the construction sites. Then there are the unsafe working conditions. The workers work at a high elevation in this industry, which is dangerous, compared to the other industries (Ismail, Doostdar Harun, 2012). The exposure to the high elevation causes the severity of the fall in the construction sites. Hence, the provision of proper harnesses and ladders. The workers are fatigued from all the work at the sites and suffer from pains and aches and should be given time to rest to reduce physical and emotional stress. Then there is safety management manual and innovative technology to be provided. The flow of information between the workers and the builders will reduce the accidents and injuries in the construction sites. The mechanical updating of the construction machinery and the equipment and chemical reparation will decrease the fatality trend in the construction industry despite the mandatory audit scheme and surveillance (Kerzner, 2013). Majority of the small and medium sized enterprises try to comply with the requirement of the establishment of the safety management system and taking up the responsibility of safety. The five possible reasons for non-compliance are : the employees may feel the safety equipments interfere with their work, the employees find the personal protective equipment uncomfortable the employees are unaware about the need of the safety equipments the using of these equipments is a hassle and in the rush to be more productive the employees cut corners The personal protective equipment may not be enough cool for the workers to use. Under the Safety Management Regulation, the contractors and the proprietors of the industrial undertakings need to develop, implement and maintain safety in respect to the undertakings safety management system (Glendon, Clarke McKenna, 2016). The identification of the risk by the method of risk management helps to manage the risks. Tools and techniques are to be adopted by the firms to help to identify these risks and control them. The other program is the emergency management technique that involves the fire drills, mock drills and the evacuation drills. There should be longer terms for reconstruction and emergency relief interventions. The management has to be in a holistic setting so that there is mitigation of the potential hazards and embracing of the agenda of sustainability. The sequence of actions following the accident should have fulfilled the requirements of the Singapore Standard. The road in the factory that had been wet due to the rain should have been kept dry and clean to avoid any accidents. The safe work practices are very necessary for these types of situations. The view of the forklift driver was partially obstructed due to the high loads that were being carried by them truck. To manage these kinds of risks there should have been risk management techniques used by the company. The safety inspections if had been carried out then the accident could have been avoided. The issue of safety should be an integral part of the construction company. All the employees should be held accountable for the safety and the safety rules that have to be enforced. The safety performance of the sub-contractors should be part of the procurement process of the company. The workers should be properly trained according to their job requirement in the construction sites. There should be the focus on the causes of the injuries and the accidents that are taking place at the sites. There should be investigation of all the accidents and the near misses that have occurred to determine the cause of these accidents and improvement of the safety procedure for the future (Griffith, Stephenson Watson, 2014). To incorporate the well-being of the worker given the discovery of his chronic medical condition the company should have identified these risks both through qualitative and quantitative perceptions. The workers are fatigued from all the work at the sites and suffer from pains and aches and should be given time to rest to reduce physical and emotional stress. The company should provide health checkups for the workers so that they are fit to continue their job (Harris McCaffer, 2013). There should be the availability of health insurances for the workers so that they can be treated if such scenarios arise. The five performance indicators for ensuring the CAPA are: A sound and development process to track the root cause of the accidents and the analysis of the situation occurred so improvement of the safety measure. There should be tracking and analyzing to ensure that the employees are performing appropriately and addressing all the root causes. The new threats and risks that may arise in the future should be managed. There should be proper feedback taken from the workers so that the organization is aware of the issues. The employees and the workers should be allowed to avail the benefits and be motivated to work (Zhao et al., 2012). References Glendon, A. I., Clarke, S., McKenna, E. (2016).Human safety and risk management. Crc Press. Griffith, A., Stephenson, P., Watson, P. (2014).Management systems for construction. Routledge. Harris, F., McCaffer, R. (2013).Modern construction management. John Wiley Sons. Ismail, Z., Doostdar, S., Harun, Z. (2012). Factors influencing the implementation of a safety management system for construction sites.Safety science,50(3), 418-423. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. McNeil, A. J., Frey, R., Embrechts, P. (2015).Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Zhao, Z. Y., Zhao, X. J., Davidson, K., Zuo, J. (2012). A corporate social responsibility indicator system for construction enterprises.Journal of cleaner production,29, 277-289. Zhou, Z., Goh, Y. M., Li, Q. (2015). Overview and analysis of safety management studies in the construction industry.Safety science,72, 337-350.

Pearl as an Allegorical Character free essay sample

Additionally, Pearl has a very high intelligence level and a very distinctive personality for an infant, making one believe Pearl is an allegorical symbol rather than a real human being. On account of the definition of an allegorical character; in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Pearl’s abstract ideas and personifications emphasize her roll as a symbol throughout the novel, thus making her character more of an allegorical symbol than a real human being. The product of Hester’s sin and agony, Pearl is a painful constant reminder of her mother’s violation of the Seventh Commandment: Thou shalt not commit adultery. Hester feels that Pearl was given to her not only as a blessing but a punishment worse than death or ignominy. Hawthorne states, â€Å"We have as yet hardly spoken of the infant; that little creature, whose innocent life had sprung, by the inscrutable decree of Providence, a lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion† (81). We will write a custom essay sample on Pearl as an Allegorical Character or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hawthorne is using a metaphor to show how Pearl’s birth resulted from her mother’s foul act. Hester lives in fear that Pearl will â€Å"detect some dark and wild peculiarity, that could restore to the guiltiness to which she owed her being† (86). Since Hester believes that the act she committed was sinful, she believes the result of her act will also be sinful; regardless if the result is her daughter. Therefore, Hawthorne uses Pearl as an allegorical character more than a real person. Hester Prynne’s name choice for her daughter is no coincidence. Hawthorne states, â€Å"But she named the infant ‘Pearl,’ as being of great price—purchased with all she had—her mother’s only treasure† (81). This passage alludes to a parable of Jesus found in Mathew 13, Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant looking for fine pearls. When he found one of great value, he went away and sold everything he had and bought it†(Mathew 13: 44 – 46 New International). This quote is exemplifying how Hawthorne uses Pearl’s name to convey abstract ideas like consequence and isolation. Beyond that, the name Pearl usually is representing purity; but in Hester’s case, she believes the opposite. Hence, the ironic usage of Pearl’s name shows how Hawthorne portrays her as more of an allegorical symbol than a real person. Pearl is passionate, she cannot be made to obey rules, and sometimes she seems more spirit than human. Pearl’s more spirit than human characteristics can be witnessed in chapter six on one summer’s day when Pearl throws flowers at the scarlet letter. Each flower that hits the mark causes a wound that cannot be healed. Hester cries out in agony and asks Pearl what she is doing. Hester believes she possesses’ devil qualities which is re-enforced by the wounds. Hawthorne writes, â€Å"The mother’s impassioned state had been the medium through which were transmitted to the unborn infant the rays of its moral life; and, however white and clear originally, they had taken the deep stains of crimson and gold, the fiery lustre, the black shadow, and the untempered light of the intervening substance. Above all, the warfare of Hester’s spirit, at that epoch, was perpetuated in Pearl†(83). This quotation is also offering insight towards Pearl’s nature. This is the first time that Pearls’ wildness is linking to the act of sin that helped create her. Pearl’s temper and wildness that reflects her mother is considered a symbol. This symbol lasts throughout the story and also has a double meaning. Because of this, one can infer that Pearl is an allegorical character. Hawthorne uses many literary devices and figurative language to characterize Pearl, but after analyzing one can infer that she is more definitely an allegorical character. Her representation of her mother’s sin, name and characteristics all lead me to this conclusion. Based on the definition of an allegorical character, in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Pearl’s abstract ideas and personifications emphasize her roll as a symbol throughout the novel; thus making her character have two meanings: a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.